How to Overcome Addiction to Substances or Behaviors | Dr. Keith Humphreys

Overview

This episode dives deep into the science and psychology of addiction, featuring Dr. Keith Humphreys, a leading expert in psychiatry and behavioral sciences. The discussion spans the genetic and environmental factors influencing addiction, the role of industries in promoting addictive behaviors, and evidence-based recovery strategies, including 12-step programs, emerging treatments like psychedelics, and GLP-1 medications. Practical tools for overcoming addiction and fostering recovery are also explored.

Notable Quotes

- You will never get addicted to something that you choose never to use. That is your maximal point of control. – Dr. Keith Humphreys, on the power of prevention.

- Addiction is a progressive narrowing of the things that bring one pleasure. – Andrew Huberman, defining addiction's impact on life.

- Hang out with other people who are trying to make the same change. It gives you support and accountability. – Dr. Keith Humphreys, on the importance of community in recovery.

🧬 Addiction and Genetic Risk

- Addiction is not just about frequent use; it involves compulsive behaviors that persist despite harm.

- Genetic predisposition plays a significant role, with studies showing higher addiction risks in children of addicted parents, even when raised in non-addictive environments.

- Specific genetic traits, like enzyme deficiencies in certain populations, can reduce the likelihood of addiction to substances like alcohol.

🍷 Alcohol and Social Norms

- Alcohol's health benefits (e.g., for the heart) are outweighed by its cancer risks and other harms.

- Social pressures often normalize drinking, making abstinence socially challenging.

- Women’s alcohol consumption has risen due to targeted marketing campaigns, such as mommy wine culture, which exploit vulnerabilities for profit.

🌿 Cannabis: Then vs. Now

- Modern cannabis is far more potent (average THC levels of 20% vs. 3-5% in the 1980s), increasing risks of addiction and psychosis, especially in young users.

- Edibles pose unique dangers due to delayed onset, leading to accidental overconsumption.

- Cannabis use during adolescence is particularly risky, as it coincides with critical brain development phases.

🔄 Recovery Tools: 12-Step Programs and Emerging Therapies

- 12-step programs like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) are highly effective, with studies showing a 50% higher abstinence rate compared to other therapies.

- AA’s accessibility, community support, and focus on immediate, actionable steps make it a cornerstone of recovery.

- Psychedelics like psilocybin and ibogaine show promise in treating addiction and PTSD, but require careful clinical oversight.

- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and GLP-1 medications (e.g., semaglutide) are emerging as potential tools for reducing cravings and improving recovery outcomes.

💡 Practical Strategies for Overcoming Addiction

- Motivation is key: Clinicians should help individuals articulate their reasons for change and visualize tangible rewards (e.g., saving money, improved relationships).

- Behavioral analysis can identify triggers and environments that support or hinder recovery.

- Building a supportive community, such as joining recovery groups, provides both encouragement and accountability.

- Relapse often occurs during stress or overconfidence; maintaining vigilance and support systems is crucial.